Gall Bladder Stones

Gallbladder stones (also known as cholelithiasis) are solid particles that form in the gallbladder, a small organ located beneath the liver that stores bile. Bile is a digestive fluid that helps break down fats. Gallstones can vary in size and number, and they may cause no symptoms (asymptomatic) or lead to significant complications.

Types of Gallstones

• Cholesterol Gallstones: Made mostly of cholesterol. Most common type, often yellowish in color.
• Pigment Gallstones: Made of bilirubin, a substance produced during the breakdown of red blood cells. Often dark brown or black and more common in people with liver disease or hemolytic anemia.
• Mixed Gallstones: Contain a combination of cholesterol and calcium salts. Often associated with infections or inflammation.

Symptoms

• Pain in the upper right abdomen (biliary colic), often triggered by fatty meals.
• Nausea and vomiting.
• Indigestion or bloating.
• Radiating pain to the right shoulder or back.
• Acute Cholecystitis: Inflammation of the gallbladder.
• Choledocholithiasis: Gallstones in the bile duct, which can lead to jaundice or infection.
• Pancreatitis: Inflammation of the pancreas due to blockage.
• Gallbladder Empyema: Pus accumulation in the gallbladder.
• Gallbladder Perforation: A rare but severe condition.
• Asymptomatic: Many gallstones cause no symptoms and are discovered incidentally.

When to See a General Surgeon

• Persistent or severe abdominal pain.
• Symptoms of complications, such as jaundice, fever, or persistent vomiting.
• Recurrent episodes of biliary colic.

Prevention

• Maintain a healthy weight and diet (low-fat, high-fiber).
• Avoid rapid weight loss.
• Stay hydrated and active.

Early diagnosis and management of gallbladder stones can prevent complications and improve outcomes. Consult Dr. Abhijit Budhkar for personalized care and treatment planning.